Gubpechat' (Provincial Administrative Organizational Department of the Dissemination and Distribution of Print) handled printing and distribution of nearly all the literature and propaganda in the Soviet-controlled provinces during the Russian Civil War. Its main offices were located in Kazan and in Kharkov. The department worked in tandem with Tsentropechat’ (Central Agency on Printed Works). Around 1919, Gubpechat' was placed under the State Publishing House whereby it served as both a publisher and a printer of government-issued literary material.