At the urging of Soviet leader Leon Trotsky, economic evaluation of local and regional products needed to be solved at the local level even though the Soviets controlled a top-down economic structure. Out of Trotsky’s thinking came the GSNKh, or Gubsovnarkhoz (Provincial Soviet of the National Economy). It passed economic decision-making to the provincial level. Gubsovnarkhoz was administered by the Supreme Council of the National Economy (VSNKh)—the entity that directed the entire economic planning of the Soviet state. The issuance of local literature and information was carried out via the Gubsovnarkhoz printing divisions in cities and provinces across the Soviet Union.