Aleksandr Druzhkov was a Soviet graphic artist and a poster designer. He studied at the Polygraphic College of Gosizdat State Publishing House from 1928 to 1931. During that same period, he was a member of the October Group of artists. While working with the October Group, he produced drawings for the journals Smena [Change] (1929-1931), Nashi dostizhenia [Our Achievement] (1932-1934), and Bolshevisticheskaya pechat’ [Bolshevik Press] (1932-1934). In 1928, he began his artistic foray into poster design producing such ti...

Gudok is the Russian word for whistle and it was also the name given to the railway industry newspaper in the Soviet Union. The newspaper's printing workshop was in Moscow at 7 Stankevich Street (formerly Voznesenskii Lane), a street named after Alexander Stankevich (1821-1912), the Russian writer, biographer and publisher. From the end of the nineteenth century until 1918, the location served as the printing house and editorial offices of the liberal newspaper "Russian News" (...

Iskusstvo was the Art Publishing House (A.K.A. Visual Arts Publishing) that was created in 1936 from Ogiz-Izogiz (State Art and Literature Publishing House). It disseminated books and journals dealing with graphic design and the fine arts, and it issued numerous posters. Since the Iskusstvo banner was part of the State Printing Works in Leningrad (St. Petersburg) and Moscow, its two main offices were located in those two cities.